Tonight with your 9 to 12 year old
The prompt
“How do you usually handle it when someone tells you no? Walk me through what happens in your head.”
What to listen for
If they can describe a real process, feeling annoyed first, then thinking it through, or asking why, that shows developing self-control and reasoning skills, which deserve real credit. Notice whether they describe pushing back respectfully versus shutting down or exploding; both are useful to know without judgment, since it tells you where they currently are in managing frustration.
If they say they just get mad and that's it, that's honest and common, you can gently ask what might help next time, framed as teamwork rather than a fix for a flaw.
If they mention a recent 'no' that still stings, let them vent about it rather than defending the decision.
What this tells you
This tells you how much control they currently feel they have over their own reactions when things don't go their way, which is a core piece of growing independence.